The Republic of Azerbaijan lies in the borderlands of Asia and Europe. It is situated in the south-eastern part of the Southern Caucasus and shares borders in the north with the Russian Federation, in the south with the Islamic Republic of Iran, in the west with Turkey, Georgia and Armenia, and in the east its neighbors across the Caspian Sea are Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan.

The Czech Republic recognized the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan on January 8, 1992. Diplomatic relations between two countries were established on January 29, 1993. On October 4, 2004 Jozef Vrabec, Ambassador of the Czech Republic to Georgia, presented his credentials to Ilham Aliyev, President of the Republic of Azerbaijan.

On March 2005 the Milli Majlis (Parliament) of of Azerbaijan adopted a law on setting up the Embassy of the Republic of Azerbaijan in the Czech Republic. On 10 September 2007 Ambassdaor of Azerbaijan to the Czech Republic Tahir Taghizadeh presented his credentials to the President Václav Klaus of the Czech Republic.

There is high-level of cooperation between the governments of Azerbaijan and the Czech Republic.

The Czech Republic supports the peaceful settlement of Armenia-Azerbaijan Nagorno-Karabakh conflict on the basis of international law principles, including inviolability of internationally recognized borders, respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity of the states.

Azerbaijan and the Czech Republic are interested in future development of mutual cooperation within UN, OSCE, NATO, EU and other international organizations. Opening of Azerbaijani Embassy in the Czech Republic will be of great asset to advance the relations.